Part 1 -Ua haujlwm txiastuaghlau
Txias ua hauj lwm tuag hlau muaj xws li pwm rau kev tsim cov punching thiab txiav (blanking thiab xuas nrig pwm, trimming pwm, punches, txiab), txias hau pwm, txias extrusion pwm, dabtsi yog khoov pwm, thiab hlau kos pwm, thiab lwm yam.
1. Kev ua haujlwm thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev ua haujlwm txiastuag steel
Thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm txias ua haujlwmtuag steel, vim lub siab deformation tsis kam ntawm cov khoom ua tiav, qhov ua haujlwm ntawm cov pwm bears zoo siab, dabtsi yog khoov quab yuam, cuam tshuam quab yuam, thiab kev sib txhuam quab yuam.Yog li ntawd, ib txwm yog vim li cas rau scrapping txias ua hauj lwm pwm feem ntau yog vim hnav thiab tsim kua muag.Kuj tseem muaj cov xwm txheej uas lawv ua tsis tiav thaum ntxov vim yog pob txha, lub zog tawg, thiab deformation ntau dua qhov kam rau ua.
Piv nrog rau cov cuab yeej txiav steel, ua haujlwm txiastuag steelmuaj ntau yam zoo sib xws.Cov pwm yuav tsum muaj siab hardness thiab hnav tsis kam, siab dabtsi yog khoov lub zog, thiab txaus toughness los xyuas kom meej qhov zoo ntawm cov txheej txheem stamping.Qhov sib txawv yog nyob rau hauv cov duab complex thiab kev siv tshuab ntawm cov pwm, nrog rau cov kev sib txhuam loj thiab muaj peev xwm hnav, ua rau nws nyuaj rau kho thiab zom.Yog li ntawd, yuav tsum tau hnav tsis kam ntau dua.Thaum cov pwm ua haujlwm, nws dais lub siab punching siab thiab nws yooj yim rau kev ntxhov siab vim nws cov duab nyuaj, yog li nws yuav tsum muaj zog toughness;Cov pwm muaj qhov loj me thiab cov duab, yog li nws yuav tsum tau muaj zog hardenability, me me deformation, thiab kev nyiam tawg.Nyob rau hauv luv luv, qhov yuav tsum tau rau hardenability, hnav tsis kam, thiab toughness ntawm txias ua hauj lwmtuag steelyog siab tshaj cov cuab yeej txiav steel.Txawm li cas los xij, qhov yuav tsum tau ua rau cov tawv tawv liab yog qhov tsawg lossis tsis tas yuav tsum tau (vim tias nws tau tsim nyob rau hauv lub xeev txias), yog li qee cov qib steel haum rau cov pwm ua haujlwm txias kuj tau tsim, xws li kev txhim kho kev hnav tsis kam, micro deformation. ua haujlwm txiastuag steelthiab siab toughness txias ua hauj lwmtuag steel.
2. Kev xaiv qib steel
Feem ntau, raws li kev siv cov pwm ua haujlwm txias, kev xaiv cov qib steel tuaj yeem muab faib ua plaub yam hauv qab no:
①Claus ua hauj lwm pwm nrog me me, zoo li yooj yim, thiab lub teeb load.
Piv txwv li, me me punches thiab txiab rau txiav steel daim hlau tuaj yeem ua los ntawm cov cuab yeej carbon steel xws li T7A, T8A, T10A, thiab T12A.Qhov zoo ntawm hom hlau no yog;Kev ua tau zoo, tus nqi pheej yig, thiab qhov chaw yooj yim.Tab sis nws qhov tsis zoo yog: tsis tshua muaj hardenability, hnav tsis zoo, thiab loj quenching deformation.Yog li ntawd, nws tsuas yog tsim nyog rau kev tsim cov cuab yeej nrog qhov ntev me me, cov duab yooj yim, thiab lub teeb loads, nrog rau cov pwm ua haujlwm txias uas yuav tsum tau muaj cov txheej txheem hardening tsawg thiab siab toughness.
② Cov pwm ua haujlwm txias nrog qhov loj me, cov duab nyuaj, thiab cov khoom siv lub teeb.
Cov hom hlau feem ntau siv xws li cov hlau tsis tshua muaj hlau xws li 9SiCr, CrWMn, GCr15, thiab 9Mn2V.Lub quenching txoj kab uas hla ntawm cov hlau no nyob rau hauv cov roj feem ntau ncav cuag tshaj 40mm.Ntawm lawv, 9Mn2V steel yog hom kev ua haujlwm txiastuag steeltsim nyob rau hauv Suav teb xyoo tas los no uas tsis muaj Cr.Nws tuaj yeem hloov lossis hloov cov hlau uas muaj Cr.
Cov carbide heterogeneity thiab quenching cracking nyiam ntawm 9Mn2V steel yog me dua li ntawm CrWMn steel, thiab decarburization nyiam yog me dua li ntawm 9SiCr steel, thaum lub hardenability yog ntau dua li cov carbon hlau.Nws tus nqi tsuas yog kwv yees li 30% siab dua tom kawg, yog li nws yog qib steel tsim nyog txhawb thiab siv.Txawm li cas los xij, 9Mn2V steel kuj muaj qee qhov tsis zoo, xws li qhov cuam tshuam tsis zoo thiab tawg qhov tshwm sim pom hauv kev tsim khoom thiab siv.Tsis tas li ntawd, tempering stability tsis zoo, thiab tempering kub feem ntau tsis tshaj 180 ℃.Thaum tempered ntawm 200 ℃, lub zog dabtsi yog khoov thiab toughness pib qhia cov nqi qis.
9Mn2V steel tuaj yeem quenched hauv quenching media nrog lub peev xwm me me xws li nitrate thiab roj kub.Rau qee cov pwm uas yuav tsum tau deformation nruj thiab tsis tshua muaj hardness, austenitic isothermal quenching yuav siv tau.
③ Cov pwm ua haujlwm txias nrog qhov loj me, cov duab nyuaj, thiab cov khoom hnyav.
Cov hlau nruab nrab lossis siab alloy steel yuav tsum tau siv, xws li Cr12Mo, Crl2MoV, Cr6WV, Cr4W2MoV, thiab lwm yam. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov hlau kub ceev kuj tseem siv tau.
Nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los no, cov qauv ntawm kev siv high-speed steel raws li txias ua hauj lwm pwm tau nce, tab sis nws yuav tsum tau taw qhia tias nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm no, nws tsis yog siv cov cim liab nyuaj zog ntawm high-ceev steel, tab sis. es nws siab hardenability thiab siab hnav tsis kam.Yog li ntawd, kuj yuav tsum muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm cov txheej txheem kho cua sov.
Thaum siv cov hlau kub ceev ua pwm txias, qhov kub thiab txias yuav tsum tau siv los txhim kho toughness.Piv txwv li, feem ntau siv quenching kub rau W18Cr4V steel tej cuab yeej yog 1280-1290 ℃.Thaum ua cov pwm ua haujlwm txias, qhov kub tsis tshua muaj quenching ntawm 1190 ℃ yuav tsum tau siv.Lwm qhov piv txwv yog W6Mo5Cr4V2 steel.Los ntawm kev siv qhov kub thiab txias quenching, lub neej kev pabcuam tuaj yeem txhim kho tau zoo, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog los ntawm kev txo qis tus nqi.
④ Cov pwm ua haujlwm txias uas raug cuam tshuam rau kev thauj khoom thiab muaj cov hniav nyias nyias.
Raws li tau hais los saum toj no, kev ua tau zoo ntawm thawj peb hom kev ua haujlwm txias tuag steels yog qhov hnyav hnyav, yog li siv cov pa roj carbon hypereutectoid thiab txawm tias ledeburite steel.Txawm li cas los xij, rau qee qhov kev ua haujlwm txias, xws li sab ntauwd txiav thiab blanking tuag, uas muaj cov pob qij txha nyias thiab raug cuam tshuam rau kev thauj khoom thaum siv, yuav tsum muaj kev cuam tshuam siab.Txhawm rau daws qhov tsis sib xws, cov kev ntsuas hauv qab no tuaj yeem ua:
Ⅰ-txo cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov pa roj carbon monoxide thiab siv cov hlau hypoeutecoid kom tsis txhob muaj qhov hnyav ntawm cov hlau uas tshwm sim los ntawm thawj thiab theem nrab carbides;
Ⅱ-Ntxiv cov ntsiab lus hlau xws li Si thiab Cr txhawm rau txhim kho tempering ruaj khov thiab kub ntawm cov hlau (tempering ntawm 240-270 ℃) yog qhov zoo rau kev tshem tawm quenching kev ntxhov siab thiab txhim kho kev ua haujlwm yam tsis muaj kev txo qis;
Ⅲ-Ntxiv cov khoom xws li W los tsim cov carbide refractory los kho cov nplej thiab txhim kho toughness.Feem ntau siv steels rau siab toughness txias ua hauj lwm pwm muaj xws li 6SiCr, 4CrW2Si, 5CrW2Si, thiab lwm yam.
3. Txoj hauv kev los ua kom tiav qhov kev ua tau zoo ntawm Kev Ua Haujlwm Txias Tuag Hlau
Thaum siv Cr12 hom steel los yog high-speed steel li txias ua hauj lwm pwm, ib qho teeb meem tseem ceeb yog lub siab brittleness ntawm cov hlau, uas yog nquag tawg thaum siv.Txhawm rau ua qhov no, nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua kom zoo dua cov carbide siv cov txheej txheem forging txaus.Tsis tas li ntawd, cov qib steel tshiab yuav tsum tau tsim.Lub hom phiaj ntawm kev tsim cov qib steel tshiab yuav tsum txo qis cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov hlau thiab cov carbides tsim cov ntsiab lus.
Cr4W2MoV steel muaj qhov zoo xws li siab hardness, hnav tsis kam, thiab hardenability zoo.Nws kuj muaj qhov zoo tempering stability thiab kev siv txhua yam khoom.Nws yog siv rau kev tsim cov ntawv silicon steel tuag, thiab lwm yam. Nws tuaj yeem ua kom lub neej ntev dua 1-3 zaug piv rau Cr12MoV steel.Txawm li cas los xij, qhov kub ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm cov hlau no yog nqaim, thiab nws yooj yim rau tawg thaum lub sij hawm forging.Lub forging kub thiab kev khiav hauj lwm specifications yuav tsum nruj me ntsis tswj.
Cr2Mn2SiWMoV steel muaj qhov kub thiab txias, me me quenching deformation, thiab siab hardenability.Nws yog hu ua cua quenched micro deformationtuag steel.
7W7Cr4MoV steel tuaj yeem hloov W18Cr4V thiab Cr12MoV steel.Nws cov yam ntxwv yog tias qhov tsis sib xws ntawm carbides thiab toughness ntawm cov hlau tau zoo heev.
Ib feem2 -Kub ua haujlwmtuag steel
1. Kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov pwm ua haujlwm kub
Cov pwm ua haujlwm kub muaj xws li rauj forging pwm, kub extrusion pwm, thiab pwm tuag-casting.Raws li tau hais ua ntej, tus yam ntxwv tseem ceeb ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov pwm ua haujlwm kub yog kev sib cuag nrog cov hlau kub, uas yog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov pwm ua haujlwm txias.Yog li ntawd, nws yuav coj ob qho teeb meem hauv qab no:
(1) Cov hlau saum npoo ntawm pwm kab noj hniav yog rhuab.Feem ntau, thaum hammering tuag ua haujlwm, qhov kub ntawm qhov tuag kab noj hniav tuaj yeem ncav cuag 300-400 ℃, thiab kub extrusion tuag tuaj yeem ncav cuag tshaj 500-800 ℃;Qhov kub ntawm qhov tuag-casting pwm kab noj hniav muaj feem xyuam rau cov khoom siv tuag-casting thiab pouring kub.Thaum tuag-casting dub hlau, pwm kab noj hniav kub tuaj yeem ncav cuag tshaj 1000 ℃.Xws li kev siv kub kub yuav txo qis qhov tawv tawv thiab lub zog ntawm cov pwm kab noj hniav, ua rau nws yooj yim rau folding thaum siv.Qhov kev ua tau zoo yuav tsum tau ua kom kubtuag steelyog cov thermoplastic siab, nrog rau cov kub kub hardness thiab lub zog, thiab siab thermoplastic kuj, uas ua tau qhia txog lub siab tempering stability ntawm cov hlau.Los ntawm qhov no, thawj txoj hauv kev rau alloying kub tuag hlau tuaj yeem pom, uas yog, ntxiv cov ntsiab lus alloying xws li Cr, W, Si tuaj yeem txhim kho tempering stability ntawm cov hlau.
(2) Thermal qaug zog (cracking) tshwm sim nyob rau saum npoo hlau ntawm cov pwm kab noj hniav.Cov yam ntxwv ua haujlwm ntawm cov pwm kub yog sib tshuam.Tom qab txhua qhov kev tsim cov hlau kub, qhov saum npoo ntawm pwm kab noj hniav yuav tsum tau txias los ntawm cov xov xwm xws li dej, roj, thiab cua.Yog li ntawd, lub xeev ua haujlwm ntawm cov pwm kub yog rov ua kom sov thiab txias, yog li cov hlau saum npoo ntawm cov pwm kab noj hniav yuav raug rov qab thermal expansion, uas yog, pheej rov ua kom muaj zog tensile thiab compressive.Yog li ntawd, qhov saum npoo ntawm pwm kab noj hniav yuav tawg, uas yog hu ua thermal qaug zog.Yog li ntawd, qhov thib ob qhov kev ua tau zoo yuav tsum tau ua rau kubtuag steelyog muab tso rau pem hauv ntej, uas yog, nws muaj siab thermal qaug zog tsis kam.
Feem ntau hais lus, lub ntsiab tseem ceeb cuam tshuam rau thermal qaug zog tiv thaiv ntawm steel yog:
① Thermal conductivity ntawm hlau.Lub siab thermal conductivity ntawm hlau tuaj yeem txo cov cua sov ntawm cov hlau saum npoo ntawm cov pwm, yog li txo qhov nyiam ntawm cov hlau rau thermal qaug zog.Nws feem ntau ntseeg hais tias cov thermal conductivity ntawm hlau muaj feem xyuam rau nws cov ntsiab lus carbon.Thaum cov ntsiab lus carbon siab, thermal conductivity tsawg, yog li nws tsis tsim nyog siv cov pa roj carbon siab rau kev ua haujlwm kubtuag steel.Cov ntsiab lus qis ntawm cov pa roj carbon nruab nrab (C0.3% 5-0.6%) feem ntau yog siv rau hauv kev tsim khoom, uas tuaj yeem ua rau txo qis hauv hardness thiab lub zog ntawm cov hlau thiab tseem muaj kev puas tsuaj.
② Cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm cov hlau.Feem ntau, qhov siab dua qhov tseem ceeb (Acl) ntawm cov hlau, qhov qis dua nws cov thermal qaug zog.Yog li ntawd, cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm cov hlau feem ntau yog nce los ntawm kev ntxiv cov ntsiab lus alloying Cr, W, Si, thiab txhuas.Yog li txhim kho thermal qaug zog tsis kam ntawm steel.
2. Hlau rau feem ntau siv kub ua hauj lwm pwm
(1) Hlau rau rauj forging tuag.Feem ntau hais lus, muaj ob qhov teeb meem tseem ceeb nrog kev siv cov hlau rau rauj forging pwm.Ua ntej, nws raug cuam tshuam rau kev thauj khoom thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm.Yog li ntawd, cov khoom siv kho tshuab ntawm cov hlau yuav tsum muaj siab, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov yas deformation kuj thiab toughness;Qhov thib ob yog vim li cas yog qhov loj me ntawm cov rauj forging tuag yog qhov loj (<400mm), uas yuav tsum tau muaj zog hardenability ntawm cov hlau los xyuas kom meej cov microstructure thiab kev ua tau zoo ntawm tag nrho cov tuag.
Feem ntau siv rauj forging tuag steels suav nrog 5CrNiMo, 5CrMnMo, 5CrNiW, 5CrNiTi, thiab 5CrMnMoSiV.Ntau hom rauj qhov muag pwm yuav tsum siv cov khoom sib txawv.Rau qhov loj lossis loj rauj forging tuag, 5CrNiMo yog qhov nyiam.5CrNiTi, 5CrNiW, lossis 5CrMnMoSi kuj tseem siv tau.5CrMnMo steel feem ntau yog siv rau me me thiab nruab nrab rauj forging tuag.
(2) Hlau yog siv rau kub extrusion pwm, thiab cov yam ntxwv ua hauj lwm ntawm kub extrusion pwm yog qeeb loading ceev.Yog li ntawd, qhov kub ntawm cov pwm kab noj hniav yog qhov siab, feem ntau mus txog 500-800 ℃.Qhov kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov hlau no yuav tsum tau tsom mus rau qhov kub thiab txias zog (xws li tempering stability) thiab kub kub qaug zog.Cov kev cai rau AK thiab hardenability yuav raug txo kom tsim nyog.Feem ntau, qhov loj ntawm kub extrusion pwm yog me me, feem ntau tsawg dua 70-90 hli.
Feem ntau siv kub extrusion pwm xws li 4CrW2Si, 3Cr2W8V, thiab 5% Cr hom kub ua hauj lwmtuag steels.Ntawm lawv, 4CrW2Si tuaj yeem siv ua ob qho haujlwm txiastuag steelthiab ua haujlwm kubtuag steel.Vim kev siv sib txawv, kev kho cua sov sib txawv tuaj yeem siv tau.Thaum ua pwm txias, txo qis quenching kub (870-900 ℃) thiab qis los yog nruab nrab kub tempering kev kho mob;Thaum ua cov pwm kub, qhov kub thiab txias ntau dua (feem ntau yog 950-1000 ℃) thiab kev kho kub kub yog siv.
(3) Hlau rau tuag-casting pwm.Zuag qhia tag nrho, kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov hlau rau tuag-casting pwm zoo ib yam li cov kub extrusion pwm, nrog rau siab tempering stability thiab thermal qaug zog kuj yog lub ntsiab cai.Yog li cov hlau feem ntau siv yog feem ntau tib yam li cov hlau siv rau kub extrusion pwm.Raws li niaj zaus, steel xws li 4CrW2Si thiab 3Cr2W8V yog siv.Txawm li cas los xij, muaj qhov sib txawv, xws li kev siv 40Cr, 30CrMnSi, thiab 40CrMo rau qis melting point Zn alloy tuag-casting pwm;Rau Al thiab Mg alloy tuag-casting pwm, 4CrW2Si, 4Cr5MoSiV, thiab lwm yam tuaj yeem xaiv.Rau Cu alloy tuag-casting pwm, 3Cr2W8V steel feem ntau yog siv.
Kev tshaj lijTuag SteelSUppler - Jinbaicheng Hlau
JINBAICHENGyog lub ntiaj teb ua tus xa khoom ntawmua haujlwm txias thiab ua haujlwm kubtuag steels, yastuag steels, tuag casting cuab yeej steels thiab kev cai qhib-tuag forgings, ua dua100,000 tons ntawm hlau txhua xyoo.Peb cov khoom yog tsim los ntawm3cov chaw tsim khoom hauvshandong, jiangsu, thiab guangdong xeev.Nrog ntau tshaj 100 patents,JINBAICHENGteeb tsa thoob ntiaj teb cov qauv suav nrog ua thawj cov chaw tsim khoom steel hauvTuam Tshojkom tau txais daim ntawv pov thawj ISO 9001.official lub website:www.sdjbcmetal.com Email: jinbaichengmetal@gmail.com los yog WhatsApp ntawmhttps://wa.me/18854809715
Post lub sij hawm: Jun-21-2023